Japan has increased fuel economy requirements

Although, to be fair, requirements is a stronger word than what I should use. Although there are fines to automakers who fail to meet these...

Although, to be fair, requirements is a stronger word than what I should use. Although there are fines to automakers who fail to meet these rules, the fines themselves are quite small. It's the bad publicity for failing to meet the guidelines that Toyota, Honda, et al are more worried about.

Green Car Congress has the story from the Nikkei on the new requirements on average fuel economy for the carmakers in Japan. By 2015, passenger cars need to have an average fuel economy of 39.5 mpg (see the table below).

Proposed Average Fuel Economy
Vehicle class 2004 value 2015 est. value % change
Source: Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.
Passenger cars 13.6 km/liter
7.4 l/100km
32.0 mpg US
16.8 km/liter
6.0 l/100km
39.5 mpg US
23.5%
Small buses 8.3 km/liter
12.0 l/100km
19.5 mpg US
8.9 km/liter
11.2 l/100km
21.0 mpg US
7.2%
Light cargo trucks 13.5 km/liter
7.4 l/100km
31.8 mpg US
15.2 km/liter
6.6 l/100km
35.8 mpg US
12.6%

Compare that to the US Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards. In 2006, the fleet requirement for passenger cars was 27.5 mpg and 20.7 mpg for light trucks. (If you're interested in seeing who's paid fines for not meeting these requirements, as well as how much, the NHTSA has a table of fines.

CAFE standards have been changed to look at a vehicles "footprint" — the product of its wheelbase and track. Some critics point out that this may have the unintended consequence of pushing manufacturers to make ever-larger vehicles to avoid strict economy standards.

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